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Bridge in Nepal

Bridge in Nepal

A bridge is a structure that is built over a railway, river, or road so that people or vehicles can cross from one side to the other. A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle without blocking the way underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross.


A bridge often provides a quicker, easier way to travel from one place to another place. A bridge is a structure to cross an open space or gap. Bridges are mostly useful for crossing rivers, valleys, or roads by vehicles but people have also used bridges for a long time for walking. Bridges are structures built over railroad tracks, roads, rivers or some other obstacle. This is clearly a good thing if it means people get better access to education and employment. 


The main components of a bridge are the foundation, substructure, and the superstructure. Each of these core areas have other parts within them. Piles and pile caps are constructed as the foundation of the bridge.


The oldest known bridge is the Kazarma Bridge or Arkadiko Bridge, which is located in Argolida, Peloponnese, Greece, and was built circa 1300 BC during the Mycenaean period.

Causes of bridges failure in Nepal :


  • Design error

  • structural and design deficiencies

  • Corrosion

  • Construction and supervision mistake

  • lack of maintenance or inspection 

  • accidental overload and impact

  • Uses of Poor material

  • Poor detailing for RCC bridge

  • Poor connection between the structural elements like fitting of bolts or welding in steel bridge


Natural disaster like:

  • Earthquake

  • Flood

  • Landslide

  • Increase Wind velocity


Types of bridge in Nepal 

  • Beam Bridge.

  • Truss Bridge.

  • Suspension Bridge.

  • Arch Bridge.



Beam bridge in Nepal  


A beam bridge consists of a horizontal beam that is supported at each end by piers. The piers are directly pushed down by the weight of the beam. Beam bridges are frequently used for passing large vehicles and trains, while some of them are also made to be walked on by people.


One of the significant drawbacks of beam bridges is the sagging issue. As there is no weight transfer on bridges made entirely of concrete, beam bridges are subject to drooping, which means gravity places a compressive force on the beam.


Types of beam bridge in Nepal 

  • Girder

  • plate girder

  • box girder bridges


Truss bridge in Nepal 




A truss bridge is a bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is made up of a truss, which is a structure of joined parts that often forms triangle units. In reaction to dynamic loads, the coupled elements may experience tension, compression, or occasionally both types of stress. 


Due to their great strength to weight ratio, truss bridges are very efficient. The strongest truss bridge that consumes the least amount of material has been tested in this experiment. The Pratt and Howe design is utilized on two of the most popular truss bridges.


Even though the truss bridge design has been around for literally centuries it is widely regarded as the strongest type of bridge.


The triangular prism is the strongest style of truss bridge. This is as a result of its capacity to counterbalance the forces of compression and tension. This shape is used in Truss and Cantilever Bridges.

Superstructure is the main component of a bridge. The load is supported by the superstructure as it crosses the bridge. It consists of the slab of the deck, girders, trusses, etc.


Suspension bridge in Nepal 


A suspension bridge is a form of bridge in which the deck is suspended via vertical suspenders from below suspension cables. These loads are transferred both to the towers, which carry them by vertical compression to the ground, and to the anchorages, which must resist the inward and sometimes vertical pull of the cables. 


A suspension bridge is intended to connect communities by carrying both rail and road traffic, frequently across significant distances in a single span.

Arch bridge in Nepal 


Due to their distinctive appearance, arch bridges are second in popularity to suspension and cable-stayed bridges for long-span bridges. Depending on the geometry of the arches and the quantity of hinges, different arches have different structural characteristics.  Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side.

Longest suspension bridge in Nepal


The name has been given in both Nepali and English to the Kali Gandaki River's longest suspension bridge in the world, which connects Baglung district with neighboring Parbat district. The 567-meter Kali Gandaki River bridge is known in English as the "Gandaki Golden Bridge'' and in Nepali as the "Gandaki Sunaulo Jhula."


First bridge in Nepal:


The first "government" bridge was constructed in 1907 near Khurkot, east of Kathmandu, crossing the Sunkosi River between the districts of Sindhuli and Ramechhap. (This bridge was destroyed by the flood of 1985.)




Top 10 Highest bridge in Nepal:


S.N

NAME OF BRIDGES

HEIGHT

SPAN LENGTH

LOCATION

COMPLETE DATE

1

Kushma bungy foot bridge

(656) feet

200 meters

1,608 feet

490 meters

kushma , parbat

2019

2

Bhote koshi 

525 feet

160 meters

545 feet

166 meters

Kodari, Dolakha Region

1999

3

Samrong khola/ jhinu danda

459 feet

140 meters

942 feet

287 meters

Ghandruk, Kaski

2018

4

Gandaki golden/ baglung parbat

400 feet

122 meters

1,860 feet

567 meters

Baglung

2020

5

Kushma gyadi

384 feet

117 meters

1,128 feet

344 meters

Kushma, Parbat

2010

6

Kushma mudikuwa

(384) feet

117 meters

1,178 feet

359 meters


Kushma, Parbat

201?

7

Kushma balewa

(384) feet

117 meters

1,138 feet

347 meters

Kushma, Parbat

201?

8

Myagdi footbridge

279 feet

85 meters

(820) feet

250 meters

Baglung, Parbat

2019

9

Baglung- bhakunde

(279) feet

85 meters

728 feet

222 meters


Baglung, Parbat

2018

10

Bega banduk

(279) feet

85 meters

1,198 feet

365 meters

begkhola

2018



Nepal's main highway bridges:



SN

NAME OF BRIDGES

LENGTH

SPAN

LOCATION

PICTURE

1

Karnali bridge

500 m

325 m

chisapani

2

Mugling bridge


125 m

mugling

3

Arun river bridge

120 m

120 m

Laguwa jarayota

4

New mugling bridge

160 m

160 m

mugling



Arc bridge in Nepal:


S.N

NAME OF BRIDGE

LENGTH

WIDTH

LOCATION

PICTURE

1

Network arc bridge

51.45 m

12 m

Bijulibazar kathmandu




2

Mugling arc bridge

160 m


Dare Chowk, prithvi highway




clock-icon 1 year ago
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